Supervision
A number of the daily living activities ask whether supervision is needed to satisfy a particular descriptor. Additionally, a person only counts as being able to carry out a daily living or mobility activity unaided if they can do so without supervision.
Legislation
The meaning of "supervision" is defined in regulations.
Schedule 1 of the main PIP regulations provides -
“supervision” means the continuous presence of another person for the purpose of ensuring [the claimant's] safety;
"unaided” means without - (a) the use of an aid or appliance; or (b) supervision, prompting or assistance.
Source: Part 1 of Schedule 1 to the Social Security (Personal Independence Payment) Regulations 2013 (SI.No.377/2013), and Part 1 of Schedule 1 to SR.No.217/2016 in Northern Ireland.
NB - in Scotland, adult disability payment is replacing personal independence payment and the meaning of reliably is found in Part 1 of Schedule 1 of the Disability Assistance for Working Age People (Scotland) Regulations 2022 (SSI.No.54/2022).
See also Social Security Scotland's guidance Descriptor language for Adult Disability Payment.
Case law
Commentary: In [2017] UKUT 105 (AAC) a Three Judge Panel ruled that when assessing whether supervision is required, it is necessary to weigh up the likelihood of the harm occurring against the severity of the consequences - it is not necessary to show that the occurrence of harm is 'more likely than not'. | Add commentary or suggest an edit.
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Need for supervision where a person has to remove their hearing aids or cochlear implants while washing and consequently cannot hear a typical alarm
- [2020] UKUT 252 (AAC)
- CPIP/3062/2016
- KT and SH v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions (PIP)
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Clear findings must be made as to the nature of assistance or supervision that would enable a claimant to carry out a task safely
- [2018] UKUT 101 (AAC)
- CPIP/3130/2017
- JT v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions (PIP)
- Supervision does not require a one-to-one relationship between a PIP claimant and supervisor
- [2017] UKUT 436 (AAC)
- CPIP/1823/2017
- LB v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions (PIP)
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Risk of harm need not be ‘more likely than not’ when assessing safety under regulation 4 and need for supervision
- [2017] UKUT 105 (AAC)
- CPIP/1599/2016.
- RJ, GMcL and CS v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions v RJ (PIP)
- Microwave is not an ‘aid or appliance’ for cooking / Definition of ‘simple meal’ in activity 1
- [2016] UKUT 322 (AAC)
- CPIP/190/2016
- AI v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions (PIP)
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Descriptors including a ‘need’ for an aid or appliance, prompting, supervision or assistance, incorporate requirement to assess reasonableness of that need
- [2016] UKUT 250 (AAC)
- CPIP/1534/2015
- MB v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions (PIP)
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Ability to carry out an activity safely under regulation 4 is a distinct concept from requiring supervision for that activity
- [2016] UKUT 219 (AAC)
- CPIP/3573/2015
- SB v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions (PIP)